two axis electro optical infrared
Electro-Optical Infrared (EOI) and Infrared (IR) Sensors
Electro-Optical Infrared (EOI) and Infrared (IR) Sensors
Electro-optical (EO) and infrared (IR) sensors are vital tools for military forces to gain situational awareness on the battlefield.electro optical infrared: two-axis edge This is because they are capable of detecting radiation emitted or reflected by objects in the near-infrared and mid-infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, which is invisible to human eyes. These systems can work in total darkness and through obscurants like smoke, fog, and haze to provide imagery based on differences in temperature, allowing soldiers to detect their targets more effectively.
Infrared imaging systems typically consist of three main components: optics, a detector, and electronics.electro optical infrared: two-axis edge The detector is the electronic component that translates radiant power into an electrical signal that can be processed by the system. The optics are responsible for collecting the radiation and focusing it on the detector. The electronics then transform the detected signals into a usable image that can be displayed on a screen, sent to a display, or recorded for analysis.
The performance of an IR sensor can be characterized by its modulation transfer function (MTF).electro optical infrared: two-axis edge MTF estimates the spatial information that a detector can extract from an image and is derived using a matrix of pixels called a focal plane array. MTF measurements can be made with various techniques, such as the slant edge method and the discrete MTF (DMFT).
Optical performance is also determined by the quality of the filter used on the detector. Spectral filters are designed to narrow the response of the detector to a specific range of wavelengths in order to enhance the target-to-background contrast and reduce background noise. Typically, the filter is a thin-film interference type with layers of dielectric material that are vacuum deposited on the window surface of the detector. The layers are arranged to have constructive interference for the desired wavelengths and destructive interference for other wavelengths, thus creating a spectral cutoff.
Another important parameter for optical performance is the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE). This value indicates how much a material expands or contracts with a change in temperature. The lower the CTE value, the better.
An IR system can be divided into two regions: the MWIR and LWIR regions. MWIR is typically the preferred region for aviation and Navy applications because it allows the system to observe very hot objects such as missiles in their final phase of flight outside the stratosphere. On the other hand, LWIR can be used to observe extremely cold objects such as ICBMs and aircraft in flight in the upper atmosphere. Generally speaking, the emissivity of a material increases with increasing temperature, so a sensor that operates in the MWIR band will require bigger optics to cover a larger field of view than a sensor operating in the LWIR band. In addition, the sensitivity of a sensor will vary with its operating wavelength, with longer wavelengths being more sensitive than shorter wavelengths. Therefore, it is critical to design a robust and reliable sensor with proper temperature compensation.
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